Causes premature abortion of the embryo. Examples are pennyroyal, aloe, sandalwood.

These herbs cause vomiting. There are three types: a) Central emetics act through the vomiting center of the brain. (e.g. chamomile). b) Local emetics irritate the nerves of the gastric mucus membrane (e.g. mustard). General emetics act through the blood on the vomiting centre. c) Examples of herbs with emetic action include pippali, rock salt, vacha, ipecac, lobelia, apamarga, arka, chakramarda, chitrak and licorice.

3.

These herbs promotes menstrual flow. Herbalists also prescribe them to clear blood congestion, blood clots, enrich the blood, moisten female reproductive organs, counteract aging and address poor nutrition. Examples are chamomile, saffron, angelica, hibiscus, jasmine, peony, rose, and aloe.

4.

These are substances that are used externally to soften and soothe the skin. Examples are oils, honey, bread or bran poultice, carrots, turnips.

5.

Substances locally applied to the skin as in poultices, wraps, etc. (e.g. mustard).

6.

These herbs are applied to the mucus membranes of the nose to increase nasal secretion. Examples are black pepper, ginger, amalaki, apamarga, arka.

Edible

A herbal remedy for skin eruptions such as measles, scarlet fever etc. The term exanthematous refers to any eruptive disease or fever.

Herbs that cheer the mind.

These herbs help to clear mucous from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea; sometimes the meaning is extended to all remedies that relieve a cough. Examples are ginger, licorice, calamus, cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, sage, eucalyptus, thyme, wild cherry.